CGIAR - Towards a World free of Poverty, Hunger and Environmental degradation

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INTRODUCTION-

The name CGIAR comes from the acronym for the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research.

The CGIAR System Organization is a global research partnership for a food-secure future. CGIAR science is mainly dedicated to reducing poverty, enhancing food and nutrition security, and improving natural resources and ecosystem services. 

It is carried out by 15 Centers, that are members of the CGIAR Consortium, in close collaboration with hundreds of partner organizations, including national and regional research institutes, civil society organizations, academia, and the private sector.

The CGIAR has 64 governmental and non-governmental members and supports for 14 research centres and one intergovernmental research centre (Africa rice).

HISTORY-

In 1970 the Rockefeller Foundation proposed a world  wide network of Agricultural research centers under a permanent secretariat. This was further supported and developed by the world Bank, FAO and UNDP and the Consultative group on international Agricultural research was established on May 19 1971.

CGIAR VISION-

 The vision of the CGIAR is to:

a) Reduce poverty and hunger

b) Improve human health and nutrition 

c) Enhance ecosystem resilence through high quality international Agricultural research 

d) Develop partnership and leadership

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES-

The CGIAR's vision is supported by four strategic objectives:

a) Reducing rural poverty 

b) Improving food security

c) Improving nutrition and health

d) Sustainably managing natural resources.

THE PRIORITIES OF CGIAR RESEARCH ARE-

• Reducing hunger and malnutrition by producing more and better food through genetic improvement.

• Sustaining agriculture biodiversity both in situ and ex situ.

• Promoting opportunities for economic development and through agricultural diversification and high-value commodities and products.

• Ensuring sustainable management and conservation of water, land and forests

• Improving policies and facilitating institutional innovation.

CGIAR RESEARCH PROGRAMMES-

CGIAR research programmes are multi center, multi-partner initiatives. The following research programmes have been approved.

1) Climate change, Agriculture and Food Security (CIAT).

2) Forest Trees and Agro-forestry: Livelihoods, Landscapes and Governance (CIFOR).

3) GRiSP- A Global Rice Science Partnership (IRRI).

4) Harnessing the Development Potential of Aquatic Agricultural Systems for the poor and vulnerable (World Fish).

5) MAIZE- Global Alliance for improving Food Security and the Livelihoods of the Resource – poor in the Developing World (CIMMYT).

6) More Meat, Milk and Fish by and for the poor (ILRI).

7) Water, Land and Ecosystem.

CGIAR 2017-2022 research portfolio-

The CGIAR Research Portfolio 2017-2021 is structured around two linked clusters of challenge-led research.

1. Agri-Food Systems CGIAR Research Programs

The first of these is the innovation in Agri-Food Systems which involves adopting an integrated, agricultural systems approach to advancing productivity, sustainability, nutrition and resilience outcomes at scale.

It includes-

• CGIAR Research Program on Fish

• CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry

• CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals

• CGIAR Research Program on Wheat

• CGIAR Research Program on Livestock

• CGIAR Research Program on Maize

• CGIAR Research Program on Rice

• CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas

2. Global Integrating Programs

The second cluster consists of four cross-cutting Global Integrating Programs framed to work closely with the Agri-Food Systems Programs within relevant agro-ecological systems.

It includes-

• CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health

• CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

• CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets

• CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems

BENEFITS FOR THE POOR AND THE PLANET-

International agricultural research has a strong record of delivering results that help confront the central development and environmental challenges of our time.

The science developed by the CGIAR-supported Center and their partners has delivered significant gains in terms of reduced hunger and improved incomes for small farmers throughout much of the developing world. 

CGIAR research is much broader than agricultural productivity alone, encompassing a range of initiatives related to water, biodiversity, forests, fisheries and land conservation. 

It has advanced sustainable management and conservation practices in these sectors, therefore protecting millions of hectares of forest and grasslands, safeguarding biodiversity, and preventing land degradation.

Members of the CGIAR Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers-

1. West Africa Rice Development Association (WARDA), Bouake Coted’ Ivoire/ Cotonou, Benin.

2. Biodiversity International Maccarese ; Rome, Italy.

3. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) - Bogor, Indonesia.

4. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) - Ibadan, Nigeria.

5. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) - Washington DC, USA.

6. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) -           Hyderabad, India.  

7. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) - Nairobi, Kenya.

8. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) - Manila, Philippines.

9. International Water Management Institute (IWMI) - Sri Lanka.

10. World Fish Center, Malaysia.

11. International Potato Center - Lima, Peru.

12. World Agro Forestry Center (ICRAF) - Nairobi, Kenya.

13. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria.

14. International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia.

15. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico.

Courtesy: Suman Roy,
                   M.Sc. Scholar,
                   Palli Siksha Bhavana,
                   Visva-Bharati University,
                   Shriniketan, West Bengal.

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